JuegoSim/Assets/_Project/Scripts/Code/DebendancyInjection/Injector.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
using DependencyInjection.ScriptableObjects;
using UnityEngine;

namespace DependencyInjection
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Central DI container — extended to support ScriptableObject anchors.
    /// </summary>
    [DefaultExecutionOrder(-1000)] // ensure this runs before most other scripts for timely injection
    public class Injector : Singleton<Injector>
    {
        const BindingFlags k_bindingFlags = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic;

        // Main registry: Type -> instance
        readonly Dictionary<Type, object> _registry = new();

        // Wrapped Type (T) -> anchor SO instance found in project
        readonly Dictionary<Type, object> _anchorRegistry = new();

        // anchor SO instance -> list of (consumer, field) bindings
        readonly Dictionary<object, List<AnchorBinding>> _anchorWatchers = new();

        private void Awake()
        {
            base.Awake();

            FindAndRegisterAnchors();
            var monoBehaviours = FindMonoBehaviours();

            // Collect IDependencyProvider components and register what they provide
            var providers = monoBehaviours.OfType<IDependencyProvider>();
            foreach (var provider in providers)
            {
                RegisterProvider(provider);
            }

            // Inject all injectable MonoBehaviours
            var injectables = monoBehaviours.Where(IsInjectable);
            foreach (var injectable in injectables)
            {
                Inject(injectable);
            }

            // Set up reactive re-injection for any injected anchor fields
            SetupAnchorWatchers(injectables);
        }

        /// <summary>Register a typed instance by its explicit type.</summary>
        public void RegisterInstance(Type type, object instance)
        {
            if (_registry.ContainsKey(type))
            {
                Debug.LogWarning($"[Injector] Overwriting existing registration for '{type.Name}'.");
            }
            _registry[type] = instance;

            // Automatically assign the instance to its project anchor if one exists
            if (_anchorRegistry.TryGetValue(type, out var anchorInstance))
            {
                var anchorInterface = GetRuntimeAnchorInterface(anchorInstance.GetType());
                var registerMethod = anchorInterface.GetMethod("Register");
                registerMethod.Invoke(anchorInstance, new[] { instance });
            }
        }

        /// <summary>Register a generic typed instance (infers the type from T).</summary>
        public void Register<T>(T instance)
        {
            RegisterInstance(typeof(T), instance);
        }

        void Inject(object instance)
        {
            var type = instance.GetType();

            // Fields
            foreach (var field in type.GetFields(k_bindingFlags)
                         .Where(f => Attribute.IsDefined(f, typeof(InjectAttribute))))
            {

                if (field.GetValue(instance) != null)
                {
                    Debug.LogWarning($"[Injector] Field '{field.Name}' of '{type.Name}' is already set.");
                    continue;
                }

                var resolved = Resolve(field.FieldType);
                if (resolved == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception($"[Injector] Cannot resolve field '{field.Name}' ({field.FieldType.Name}) in '{type.Name}'.");
                }
                field.SetValue(instance, resolved);
            }

            // Reactive Fields [RuntimeInject] - injects the Value of a RuntimeAnchor<T>
            foreach (var field in type.GetFields(k_bindingFlags)
                         .Where(f => Attribute.IsDefined(f, typeof(RuntimeInjectAttribute))))
            {
                if (_anchorRegistry.TryGetValue(field.FieldType, out var anchorInstance))
                {
                    var anchorInterface = GetRuntimeAnchorInterface(anchorInstance.GetType());
                    var valueProp = anchorInterface.GetProperty("Value");
                    var val = valueProp.GetValue(anchorInstance);
                    field.SetValue(instance, val);
                }
                else
                {
                    Debug.LogError($"[Injector] No RuntimeAnchor found in project for type '{field.FieldType.Name}' requested by '{type.Name}'.");
                }
            }

            // Methods
            foreach (var method in type.GetMethods(k_bindingFlags)
                         .Where(m => Attribute.IsDefined(m, typeof(InjectAttribute))))
            {

                var paramTypes = method.GetParameters().Select(p => p.ParameterType).ToArray();
                var resolved = paramTypes.Select(Resolve).ToArray();

                if (resolved.Any(r => r == null))
                {
                    throw new Exception($"[Injector] Cannot resolve all parameters for method '{method.Name}' in '{type.Name}'.");
                }
                method.Invoke(instance, resolved);
            }

            // Properties
            foreach (var prop in type.GetProperties(k_bindingFlags)
                         .Where(p => Attribute.IsDefined(p, typeof(InjectAttribute))))
            {

                var resolved = Resolve(prop.PropertyType);
                if (resolved == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception($"[Injector] Cannot resolve property '{prop.Name}' ({prop.PropertyType.Name}) in '{type.Name}'.");
                }
                prop.SetValue(instance, resolved);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Scan the provider for any methods marked with [Provide] and register their return values by type.
        /// This allows providers to offer multiple dependencies without needing a separate provider class for each.
        /// Note: provider methods must have no parameters and return a non-null value.
        /// </summary>
        void RegisterProvider(IDependencyProvider provider)
        {
            foreach (var method in provider.GetType().GetMethods(k_bindingFlags))
            {
                if (!Attribute.IsDefined(method, typeof(ProvideAttribute))) continue;

                var returnType = method.ReturnType;
                var provided = method.Invoke(provider, null);

                if (provided == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception($"[Injector] Provider method '{method.Name}' in '{provider.GetType().Name}' returned null.");
                }
                RegisterInstance(returnType, provided);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Scans the project (including assets) for all instances of RuntimeAnchor<T> and registers them.
        /// </summary>
        void FindAndRegisterAnchors()
        {
            // Ensure all ScriptableObject assets in Resources folders are loaded into memory 
            // so that FindObjectsOfTypeAll can discover them.
            Resources.LoadAll<ScriptableObject>("");

            var allSOs = Resources.FindObjectsOfTypeAll<ScriptableObject>();
            foreach (var so in allSOs)
            {
                var anchorInterface = GetRuntimeAnchorInterface(so.GetType());
                if (anchorInterface == null) continue;

                var wrappedType = anchorInterface.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                if (!_anchorRegistry.ContainsKey(wrappedType))
                {
                    _anchorRegistry[wrappedType] = so;
                    Debug.Log($"[Injector] Registered project anchor '{so.name}' for type '{wrappedType.Name}'.");
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// After initial injection, scan all injected anchor fields.
        /// Whenever an anchor's value changes, re-inject the new value into every consumer
        /// that subscribed through their [Inject] field.
        /// </summary>
        void SetupAnchorWatchers(IEnumerable<MonoBehaviour> injectables)
        {
            foreach (var consumer in injectables)
            {
                foreach (var field in consumer.GetType().GetFields(k_bindingFlags))
                {
                    if (Attribute.IsDefined(field, typeof(RuntimeInjectAttribute)))
                    {
                        if (_anchorRegistry.TryGetValue(field.FieldType, out var anchorInstance))
                        {
                            var anchorInterface = GetRuntimeAnchorInterface(anchorInstance.GetType());
                            RegisterAnchorBinding(anchorInstance, consumer, field, anchorInterface);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        void RegisterAnchorBinding(object anchorInstance, MonoBehaviour consumer, FieldInfo field, Type anchorInterface)
        {
            if (!_anchorWatchers.TryGetValue(anchorInstance, out var bindings))
            {
                bindings = new List<AnchorBinding>();
                _anchorWatchers[anchorInstance] = bindings;

                // Subscribe to the anchor's OnValueChanged event via reflection
                var eventInfo = anchorInterface.GetEvent("OnValueChanged");
                if (eventInfo != null)
                {
                    // Build a handler that re-dispatches to all bindings for this anchor
                    var handler = BuildAnchorChangedDelegate(anchorInstance, eventInfo);
                    if (handler != null)
                    {
                        eventInfo.AddEventHandler(anchorInstance, handler);
                    }
                }
            }
            bindings.Add(new AnchorBinding(consumer, field));
        }

        Delegate BuildAnchorChangedDelegate(object anchorInstance, EventInfo eventInfo)
        {
            // The event is Action<T,T> — we need to create a matching delegate that
            // calls OnAnchorValueChanged(anchorInstance, prev, next) for all bindings.
            var handlerType = eventInfo.EventHandlerType;
            var invokeMethod = handlerType.GetMethod("Invoke");
            if (invokeMethod == null) return null;

            // Use a closure-capturing lambda via dynamic delegate creation
            Action<object, object> callback = (prev, next) => OnAnchorValueChanged(anchorInstance, next);

            // Create a wrapper delegate of the right type via DynamicMethod or Delegate.CreateDelegate
            // For simplicity we use a MethodInfo approach with a helper
            return AnchorDelegateHelper.CreateDelegate(handlerType, callback);
        }

        void OnAnchorValueChanged(object anchorInstance, object newValue)
        {
            if (!_anchorWatchers.TryGetValue(anchorInstance, out var bindings)) return;

            Debug.Log($"[Injector] Anchor '{anchorInstance.GetType().Name}' changed — refreshing {bindings.Count} binding(s).");

            foreach (var binding in bindings)
            {
                if (binding.Consumer == null) continue; // Destroyed MonoBehaviour

                binding.Field.SetValue(binding.Consumer, newValue);
            }
        }

        static Type GetRuntimeAnchorInterface(Type fieldType)
        {
            // Walk the type hierarchy to find RuntimeAnchor<T>
            var t = fieldType;
            while (t != null && t != typeof(object))
            {
                if (t.IsGenericType && t.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(RuntimeAnchor<>))
                {
                    return t;
                }
                t = t.BaseType;
            }
            return null;
        }

        object Resolve(Type type)
        {
            _registry.TryGetValue(type, out var instance);
            return instance;
        }

        public void ValidateDependencies()
        {
            var monoBehaviours = FindMonoBehaviours();
            var providers = monoBehaviours.OfType<IDependencyProvider>();
            var provided = GetProvidedTypes(providers);

            var missing = monoBehaviours
                .SelectMany(mb => mb.GetType().GetFields(k_bindingFlags), (mb, f) => (mb, f))
                .Where(t => Attribute.IsDefined(t.f, typeof(InjectAttribute)))
                .Where(t => !provided.Contains(t.f.FieldType) && t.f.GetValue(t.mb) == null)
                .Select(t => $"  • {t.mb.GetType().Name} missing {t.f.FieldType.Name} on '{t.mb.gameObject.name}'")
                .ToList();

            if (missing.Count == 0)
            {
                Debug.Log("[Injector] ✓ All dependencies valid.");
            }
            else
            {
                Debug.LogError($"[Injector] {missing.Count} unresolved dependencies:\n{string.Join("\n", missing)}");
            }
        }

        public void ClearDependencies()
        {
            foreach (var mb in FindMonoBehaviours())
            {
                foreach (var field in mb.GetType().GetFields(k_bindingFlags)
                             .Where(f => Attribute.IsDefined(f, typeof(InjectAttribute))))
                {
                    field.SetValue(mb, null);
                }
            }
            _anchorWatchers.Clear();
            Debug.Log("[Injector] All injectable fields cleared.");
        }

        HashSet<Type> GetProvidedTypes(IEnumerable<IDependencyProvider> providers)
        {
            var set = new HashSet<Type>();
            foreach (var p in providers)
            {
                foreach (var m in p.GetType().GetMethods(k_bindingFlags))
                {
                    if (Attribute.IsDefined(m, typeof(ProvideAttribute))) set.Add(m.ReturnType);
                }
            }
            return set;
        }

        static MonoBehaviour[] FindMonoBehaviours() =>
            FindObjectsByType<MonoBehaviour>(FindObjectsSortMode.InstanceID);

        static bool IsInjectable(MonoBehaviour obj) =>
            obj.GetType().GetMembers(k_bindingFlags)
               .Any(m => Attribute.IsDefined(m, typeof(InjectAttribute)) ||
                         Attribute.IsDefined(m, typeof(RuntimeInjectAttribute)));

        readonly struct AnchorBinding
        {
            public readonly MonoBehaviour Consumer;
            public readonly FieldInfo Field;
            public AnchorBinding(MonoBehaviour consumer, FieldInfo field)
            {
                Consumer = consumer;
                Field = field;
            }
        }
    }

    internal static class AnchorDelegateHelper
    {

        // Temporary storage for the callback during delegate creation (single-threaded Unity)
        static Action<object, object> _lastCallback;

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a delegate of type <paramref name="delegateType"/> (e.g. Action&lt;T,T&gt;)
        /// that internally calls the provided <paramref name="callback"/> with (prev, next) boxed.
        /// </summary>
        public static Delegate CreateDelegate(Type delegateType, Action<object, object> callback)
        {
            try
            {
                // Retrieve Invoke signature to know parameter types
                var invokeMethod = delegateType.GetMethod("Invoke");
                if (invokeMethod == null) return null;

                var paramTypes = invokeMethod.GetParameters().Select(p => p.ParameterType).ToArray();
                if (paramTypes.Length != 2) return null;

                // Build a DynamicMethod that boxes the args and calls the callback
                var dm = new DynamicMethod(
                    "AnchorHandler",
                    typeof(void),
                    paramTypes,
                    typeof(AnchorDelegateHelper).Module,
                    skipVisibility: true
                );

                var il = dm.GetILGenerator();
                // Load callback onto the stack, then two args (boxed), then call Invoke
                il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldsfld,
                        typeof(AnchorDelegateHelper).GetField(nameof(_lastCallback),
                            BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.NonPublic)!);
                il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
                if (paramTypes[0].IsValueType) il.Emit(OpCodes.Box, paramTypes[0]);
                il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
                if (paramTypes[1].IsValueType) il.Emit(OpCodes.Box, paramTypes[1]);
                il.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt,
                        typeof(Action<object, object>).GetMethod("Invoke")!);
                il.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

                _lastCallback = callback; // store for the closure
                return dm.CreateDelegate(delegateType);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Debug.LogWarning($"[AnchorDelegateHelper] Could not create delegate: {ex.Message}");
                return null;
            }
        }
    }
}